Daphnia Heart Rate – Lab Report

caffein is a foreplay which is derived from leaves, flowers and seeds of dos. The plant uses the caffeine as a bearing to repel insects as it is apply as a natural pesticide by paralyzing and killing certain insects. It is used as a stimulant to human the central nauseated system by increasing the stimulatory of the neurotransmitters, withal high levels of caffeine to the body quarter cause effects of insomnia, stress, anxiety, weight loos or high blood pull. In this probe the effect of caffeine was observed on water flea figure 1 a weewee crustacean, usually known as a water flea, normally found in a aquatic areas like ponds, lakes, streams or rivers. They were used because this species of water fleas has a transparent exterior and it is easier to observe the rawness charge per unit of the water flea through the microscope.VariablesIndependent variablesSame volume distinguishable denseness of caffeine. Dependant variables fondness vagabond of daphnia.Controlled variables.Time.Temperature.Size of daphnia.MethodEquipmentCavity skid.Small piece of cotton wool.Pasteur pipette.Caffeine at antithetical concentrations.Microscope.Tally conceiveer.A piece of wool is teased and make into a small cringle.The woollen loop is primed(p) onto a cavity slideway.A Daphnia is picked protrude from a beaker containing the Daphnia with a pipette and then placed in to the loop on the cavity slide The Daphnia used pick out been remaining to refrige commit so that the tinder value has been lowered. Immediately afterwards placing the Daphnia onto the slide add pond water was added or the first concentration of the caffeine neverthe slight adding the alike volume each era just different concentration. The Daphnia was placed onto the microscope with a low lighting. Using the hold counter the heartbeat of the Daphnia is counted for 30 seconds. When terminate the Daphnia was placed into a naked beaker of water. When repeating a study a different Da phnia is used.PredictionThe concentration of the caffeine in the blood of Daphnia pull up stakes determine the heart rate of the Daphnia. It will be directly proportionate to each other, meaning that the outgrowth of the concentration of the caffeine will give an increase of the heartbeat. This prediction force out be justify with the fact that caffeine is a stimulant drug that affects the central nervous system, locomote up your metabolism and increasing alertnessResultsCaffeine Heart Rate (BPM)Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test bonnie 0 196 190 194 194 0.1 120 172 one hundred forty receipts 0.2 120 172 140 144 0.3 272 316 278 288.6 0.5 300 306 306 300Ethical issuesAlthough in that respect are no laws of protection of Daphnia, they are still sustenance organisms that need to be treated with reverence, safe retentivity them exposed to environments that they are not by nature acquainted with would deem unethical, so pose them back into pond water when finished would be proper. It could be argued by carnal rights or religious views that experimenting on any kind of living is wrong as they also probably feel pain, although they whitethorn not suffer in the same way as higher animals they should be correctly returned to their natural habitat after observation.Risk assessmentPreventionCaffeine Concentrations in eyes or spillages onto clothes. Caffeine concentrations could splash into the eyes ca using irritation, this could be bared by wearing goggles. Also to prevent close organism damaged by spillages a lab coat should be worn.MicroscopesHeat from the microscope can be harmful to the Daphnia, keeping the brightness low wont kill any Daphnia. Glass merchandise breaking. Handling any glassware for model beakers or petri dishes with care. Wearing goggles or a lab coat will help towards preventing any accidents.Source of flawBecause we had to count the heart beat ourselves it is unreliable as we werent able to click fast abounding or clicked one to many when there wasnt a heartbeat or miss heartbeats all together. -Each era a different concentration of caffeine was added a different volume of distilled water was also added each time. As well as different volumes of caffeine. -A different Daphnia was picked out every time a new interrogatory was carried out, so they may have been different age/size/gender, this can cause different results. -The timing manner was not precise each time a test was carried out as the 30 seconds was either just to a lower place or just over. -Because of handling the Daphnia from the beaker to the petri dish to a light low the microscope could put the Daphnia under pressure giving them a raised heart beat any way.ConclusionOur results show a curve of 0% concentration being higher than 0.1% and 0.2% concentration, this could be because of a radical of error, as the graph shows a confirming correlation of the increase of the caffeine character of concentration to the heartbeat of the Daphnia. The results did not in full match with the prediction made as the caffeine concentration % at 0.2 was less effective than 0.1, this may have been a human error, but other than that it seemed to take over the prediction as the heart rate tends to increase from 0.2 onwards as there is a considerable increase from 0.2 to 0.3. Withthe sources of error affecting the results making them inaccurate, we could improve the reliableness of the test by improving the count of the heartbeat of the Daphnia or using bigger animals so that the heart is easier and quicker to find. Doing trial runs or repeating the test more times could help towards the reliableness of the test.ReferencesEn.wikipedia.org. 2013. Caffeine. online Available at http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caffeine Accessed 15 Oct 2013.En.wikipedia.org. 2013. Daphnia. online Available at http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daphnia Accessed 15 Oct 2013.