Chapter

why? strike stunned it re all toldy busying that Gerry had Stan tell so umpteen archaeozoic recollections in a row without sp closureing time talking about them individually. This technique practices backbone so that the stories form a pattern, just it was surprising to me. The close to interesting aspect of the early recollections that Stan spoke of, was that he felt that all the agone memories were non as emotional as the one with the kitten. I would relieve oneself expected creation yelled at in actually memory would obtain been a s checkening realization.But, the memories, former(a) than the one about the kitten, were ones he had already thought about prior to the academic session, so whitethornbe he had already swear outed the emotions of them in a focus. If you were counseling Stan from this particular hypothetic frame pretend, what is one leaveitional technique you might hold? What would you hope to grasp with this intervention? I would agree encoura ged Stan to make the connection of his memories of his p atomic publication 18nts being all filled with anxiety and yelling, and ask if those memories reflect allthing in his original relationship with them.If you were the client, how would you be likely to respond to the therapists (Jerseys) comments and interventions in this particular session? If I were Stan would buzz off been really interested in the connections among my early memories and my dumbfound life. I would be exited to write down more(prenominal) memories in hopes of finding purge more connections to current horizons, thoughts, or habits. Connections, like these, be fascinating.ChapterAfter the enkindle had already been unleashed in Europe, one of the first re fulfills was battalion believing that God had unleashed the deadly disease, as depicted in Giovanni Ceramics (Doc 3) relation backwoman of angels, coming down from the heavens, delivering their pointers of death unto the multitude. Sarcasms ackn owledges that some hoi polloi were able to beat on the cursor of the B wish Death in the description of his illustration. As an apothecary, it makes sense hat he experiences the chivvy as being delivered by arrows, because usually disease does non affect everyone.Disease, like arrows bypass those who atomic p hone act 18 insubordinate and strike those that be non immune. Another depiction of the pestilence by an anonymous source (Doc 6) illustrates that a divine entity was delivering the plague to those on earth. The putting green belief that God cause the plague limns how many an(prenominal) mass were religious and debated in God and thought that He was punishing them. An alternate view of the plague was blame. galore( sidenominal) multitude blamed the Jews, hill others blamed God and baffle themselves in hopes of God intervening. Biochip (Doc 2) discusses that throng would torture themselves, the Flagellants, in hopes of Gods mercy.This response to the plagu e was very erratic but somewhat crystalline because regular though they beat themselves, it was for a reason, a claver for Gods help. With a gentlemanistic hap of view, Biochip believes that there is a more scientific approach to conquering the plague instead of hoping God will come down from the heavens and put in and help the Flagellants. On the other hand, many people blamed the Jews, for congresswoman when they were cremated in Strasbourg, Germany on Valentines Day (Doc 7) where the Jews were alleged to have poisoned the water supply, in which case they were all burned.This response was made out of hatred, the Jews were a whipping boy because no one really knew how the plague came to be. Many people acted angrily and erratically in hopes Of ending the plague which ended in even more death. The Black Plague had a major violence on the population in Europe at the time it ravaged through the continent. The pre-plague population (Doc 9) in Europe was approximately 83 mill ion, but subsequently the plague ran its fertilise, the population subsequently descendd to 60 million.The plague had a major pros and cons to it. A pro would be the fact that it led to the spiritual rebirth Era while a con would be the major tone ending of life in Europe. The more or less(prenominal) popular place of death or where close to people died (Doc 8) would be the Holy Roman Empire followed by France. The significance of the nub of death in these dickens aras is most-valuable because it allows us to recognize that these two argonas had he vanquish oerpopulation, surviving conditions, famine, or stintingal depression over all of Europe.Even though the plague was a traumatic and insane experience for those who lived through the Bubonic Plague, but without the plague, perhaps the intimately important era that led to the spread of instruction, knowledge, and prosperity. People now atomic count 18 able to boldness how people during the plague responded to disease and now argon able to use their reactions to guide future reactions and help resolve the problems people faced back and soce.ChapterState draw assigns the make ups of the objects and how those states form. Sequence plot solitary(prenominal) shows the message interactions among the objects. 4. Mention and describe iii different views utilise in architectural concept. Architectural insane asylum is a high take aim view of the system. It can be set forth with logical view chief(prenominal)tains the corruption of a system and how those parts croak with each other corporeal architectural view represents the mapping of the soft contende to the hard contende action view represents the run- time processes and mix of the system. 5.What is the diversity between shootive tuition modeling and logical entropy base architectural plan? In data modeling we be instructing and demo the Entity-Relationship among the objects. In logical data base mark, the E-R diagram is converted to the sets of tables and relationships among the tables. 6. What is the oddment between low faithfulness prototypes and high fidelity prototypes? pitiful fidelity prototypes atomic flake 18 quick hand drawn interpenetrates using patsys, post-it notes, post cards, and/or cut out images to represent the checks of the system. Simple mockup sketch of the tar land product.High fidelity prototypes be screens bring aboutd using a tool to design the screens. These screens look and mimicker the behavior of the future screens of the system. An example of a tool is optical elementary with the use of hide and show. Detailed mockup resembling and behaving close to the final product. 7. discourse habitus 7. 26 with regard to the exploiters interaction the screens interaction and the systems interaction (process). The substance ab drug user influences the fitting Screen for the Spring 2012, using the look out over nook tout ensemble lineages they would select a course and click the button affix line of descent.The screen would show the representation gather upn at the top of mobilize number 7. 26 initially. This screen would react to the users usage of the push down box (showing a scrollable identify of he available courses and showing the course selected). When the user has selected a course and clicked Add Course the screen would send the randomness to the registration and when the Registration returns conquest it would show the second screen in Figure 7. 26. The systems interaction shown in Figure 7. 26 begins with the Registrations object passing the registration information to the instalment object.This role object needs to check if the student has the pre requirements for the course. If the Boolean returned is professedly then the message Add(student) is sent to students object. Note another sequence diagram would represent Boolean = absurd. 8. Explain Adding a course from section 7. 3. 4. 1 using Normals 7 Sta ge Model. 1 Form a finish -? add Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the goal l need to add Engle 2011 to my agenda. 2 Form an excogitation find Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the tendencyion on the screen shown in 7. 26 to find Engle 201 1 in the drop box. Specify the action cabbage can show courses in the drop box The user will decide to use the swipe to click and hold open the drop box and bleed the mouse down until he/she confabs the Engle 2011 course. Execute the action The user happen upons the mouse to the arrow in the drop box and clicks when he/she is on the arrow of the drop box. 5 Perceive the system state (feedback) he/she sees the drop box open with multiple courses in a list. 6 catch the feedback he/she sees the Engle 201 1 7 Evaluate because the user sees the course they try triumph to their intention.Note They would continue with the coterminous intention to click Add Course. 9. angle of inclination the four components of the GYMS model f or user portholes. The 4 factors of GYMS model argon Goals, Operators, Methods, and pickaxe Rules 10. Explain how the Model-View- realizeler architectural elbow room is through with(p) using HTML-Script-SQL. The Model-View-Controller (MFC) architectural style is done with HTML as the View of the system and SQL as a database. The database has the model of the system. PH is the script used as the restraint for the system. Chapter 8 1 . enquiry What are the two ecumenic signs of a design that by nature carry over from requirements? solving The design is an evolution from requirements. So the two general peculiaritys of a) consistency and b) completeness of requirements usually carry over to the design. 2. enquire What is Menaces climatical complexness number a) attempting to measure, and b) what is the climatic complexity number of a chopine A that contains 3 double star predicates (or branches)? Answer a) Menaces climatic complexity number measures the control flow compl exity of package. ) Using the bare(a) reflexion of (if binary branches + 1), the climatic number of computer programme A is (3+1 ) or 4. 3. brain What is a program separatrix? Answer A program slice is the set of statements that can affect the treasure of some undertake inconstant of interest in the program. 4. header What are mucilage tokens and tops(predicate) attach tokens, and which type nutrients more to cohesion? Answer Glue tokens are data tokens that lie in more than one data-slice, and super chewing gum tokens are data tokens that lie in every data-slice. The super glue tokens brook more to cohesion because they lie in every data slice. 5. suspense What is software cohesion?Answer Cohesion is a characteristic that describes the tier of associateness within the software. 6. motion What are the levels of cohesion? Answer thither are 7 levels of cohesion listed in the modulate of worst to scoop out coincidental, logical, temporal, procedural, communication al, sequential, and interior(a). 7. enquire What is software coupler? Answer Coupling is a characteristic that describes the form of interdependence or interaction among the parts within the software. 8. question What are the levels of mating? Answer at that place are 5 levels of coupling listed in the order of worst to better(p) content, popular, control, stamp, and data. . Question What are the sixsome design measurements of C-K metrics in 00? Answer They are a) weighted number of methods per manikin, b) enlightenment of inheritance tree of the class, c) number of children of a class, d) coupling between objects, e) number of espouses to a class message, and f) lack of cohesion among methods in a class 10. Question In contrast to general design, what is user interface design interested in? Answer The general software design is bear on about the software components, their characteristics and their interactions.User interface design is concentrate on the interaction b etween the software and its human beings users thus both software and human dimensions are of concern in user interface design. 1 1 . Question contention four out of the eight rules of user interface design identified by Seminarian and Pleasant. Answer at that place are actually 8 a) consistency, b) roved improvident cuts, c) informative feedback, d) closure in dialogues, e) simple error handling and prevention, f) permit re-do, g) support locus of control, h) master the amount of short-term memory needs. Any four of the eight would be fine. 12.Question What are the general cohesion and coupling goals when designing software? Answer We strain for lesser or looser coupling of software, and we design for stringer or tighter cohesion. 13. Question What is the impartiality of Demeter attempting to achieve? Answer Law of Demeter is a set of manoeuvre rules that limits the mates of control of an object y restricting the messaging social organisation among methods of a class. Th rough these restrictions it is conjectured that we can reduce coupling and enhance cohesion. 14. Question What is fan-in and fan-out, and what designate do they measure?Answer Fan-in is a measure of number of information flow into a module or component. Fan-out is the number of information flow out of a module. An example of fan-in for module-x would be the number of modules that call module-x and for fan-out of module-x would be the number of modules that are called by module-x. Thus fan-in and fan-out measure the coupling attribute among modules. Chapter 9 1. Question is the act of transforming the detailed design into a sensible program in some programming language. Answer Implementation. 2. Question List 3 desirable characteristics of a devout implementation.Answer Readability maintainability achievement traceability correctness completeness. 3. Question true or False? The most(prenominal) important issues for maintaining a good coding style are to be unvarying and to s ub referable to highlight the meaning of your code. Answer straight. 4. Question You should choose semipermanent names for local variables or entities, but can use shorter ones for ball-shaped variables or entities. Answer False. 5. Question List 3 of the types of code comments described in the book. Answer Repeat of the code explanation of the code marker in the code summary of the code description of the code intent external references.ChapterIn 1 966 the gate ticket revenues mainly paid for players takings and with the commercial television of Ames global audiences and fan bases grew. In 2009 clubs such as real Madrid, Manchester united and Barcelona became lucrative deals for investors. However, the investment model for football clubs changed and many investors separateed leveraging the investments through massive amounts of debt. Many clubs in the UK were public circumscribed companies and were listed on the stock exchange but recently many have been brought into priva te ownership again through private equity.Bankruptcies and corruption scandals have raised questions to whether many football clubs have been able to have a smooth transition into the repressions melody homo. A clubs livelihood is directly related to their fan base (spectators, TV audiences, or consumers of merchandise) but over the past decade the average attendance to the face Premier League matches has stagnated and immatureer people have been wary to attend.With high prices for tickets, fans have been feeling modify by the players wages and TV scheduling has greatly fuelled the feeling that football is no longer a fans feisty but a business oriented way of generating revenue for owners. Between 1 996 and 2006, the seventy-two clubs of the English Football League add a pre-tax loss of IEEE m in comparison, the other leagues clubs, that were predominantly owned by fans, made Emma operating wage through higher attendance at lower ticket prices.Recently initiatives, such as Supporters Direct, have addressed the fans interests more directly. They have in any case been involving themselves in various affectionate projects in the community (usually addressing sociable exclusion, unemployment, or anti-social behavior). These clubs have created community schemes that oftentimes partner with fans, police, and local council. However, clubs such as objective Madrid and FCC Barcelona are instalment-owned, democratic, and not-for-profit organizations and have attractionships that are accountable to the people who discipline and pay.The All party Parliamentary Football Group published three recommendations to improve governance in the industry, these include A fit and proper(a) persons test for the management and ownership of clubs Supporter-led governance and, Nurture Eng domestic talent. With these recommendations flown, a Stewardship Scorecard, certain by CAR think-tank tomorrows company, ranked clubs on various criteria such as putting the club fir st and engagement with fans and the community. Overall football is let off interdependent on a constant fan base since they are off the beaten track(predicate) less likely to switch allegiances referable to poor performance.Ethical Dilemma Who cares whose shares? 1. What is the main ethical issues in this case? The main issue is whether or not you should tell Freddie to sell his shares of Parchment (PC) because there will be a report published in Big Science magazine that could effect that shares minusly. This is considered insider trading and is illegal. on that point are four main ethical arguments that used against insider fairness, misappropriation to property, harm to investors and the market and undermining of fiduciary relationships (Crane & Matted, 2010).By telling Freddie, you would be full-grown himself and his clients an unfair advantage over other investors, he would too give up information of PCs privately documented information and knowledge without PC wise(p) meaning that he is BPCS property is being shared without knowledge. price would come to investors and the market because if everyone of Firesides linens decide to sell their shares then other investors stocks would decrease and date others, including the company, wondering why the stocks dropped so much before the press release of the report.Your fiduciary responsibility to the company and other shareholders should be one of the most important things since you are an employee of PC as sanitary. 2. Who are the main stakeholders here, and how would you comparability the relative importance of their stakes? The main stakeholders in the company are the shareholders the employees that dont have shares and the product users. From a humanitarian respective, the product users, whose health and synthetic rubber are at risk by using product, would be considered the most important stakeholder, and then followed by the employees and then shareholders.From the business aspect the sharehol ders are the main stakeholders and then the employees and the product users would equally important. This is because the company will most likely not notice a change if a junior-grade amount of customers stop using the product. 3. Explain how you would ultimately decide and why. Would not tell Freddie about it because I would rather have a mavin mad at e then to end up breathing out to jail/be fined for insider trading by the company. Loud also not tell him because if it were to occupy out then my reputation for good work habits and judgment would be affected if I ever looked for another chore or wanted to be promoted within PC. 4. Is there a difference between acting yourself on the information you were given and passing this information on to Freddie. Yes there is a difference because you arent sharing company information with anyone so if you do end up selling your shares, and the stocks do not go own, then you would solely be hurting yourself and not effecting other investo rs.ChapterEmancipation Proclamation announcement made by hot seat capital of Nebraska during the Civil War emancipate all black slaves in States still engaged in rebellion against marriage ceremony went into affect January 1, 1863. Fort Sumter a fort located in Charleston Harbor, randomnessern Carolina the location of the start of the Civil War. George B. McClellan commander of the Army of the Potomac and general of the war. Gettysburg a battle of which was fought from July 1-3, 1863 lee withdrew from this battle July 4th (the same day as the surrender of Vicksburg). Greenbacks newspaper currency.Homestead moment allowed citizen (or prospective) to claim 1 60 acres and buy it or a small price after 5 years of living on it. Jefferson Davis the president of confederacy was un successful rarely provided any leadership. frame in to the Sea sixty mile wide swath of desolation across Georgia Sherman left wing capital of Georgia and destroyed towns and plantations through Georgia, South Carolina, and north Carolina. Morris Land sacrifice Act transferred substantial public accuracy to state regimens to sell and profits went to public education. Robert E. Lee opposed secession left US army to lead confederate forces.Shiloh Grant, with new troops, recovered and compel Beauregard to withdraw union victory. Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson confederate army leader defeated 2 union armies by charging course suddenly and slipped away. Ulysses S. Grant constant, unrelenting fall upon (military) ordain to fight when others wouldnt presided over some of the worst carnage. US Sanitary Commission organization of volunteers led by Dorothy remove that embroiled large numbers of female nurses to practice in plain hospitals. William Outcomes Sherman led march to the sea war is all hell war should be as horrible and costly for the opponent.Questions 1 . (Chart is on notebook paper attached) 2. Out Carolina- Deck. 20, 1860 Mississippi- Jan. 9, 1861 Flori da- Jan. 10, 1861 Alabama- Jan. 19, 1861 Georgia- Jan. 19, 1861 Louisiana- Jan. 26, 1861 Texas- Feb.. 1, 1861 Virginia- April 17, 1861 Arkansas- May 6, 1861 conglutination Carolina- May 20, 1861 Tennessee- June 2, 1861 3. The Accredited agree included 6 amendments and 4 congressional resolutions to guarantee permanent thraldom. He did this in order to avoid war. 4. capital of Nebraska did what he did in order to not be the first party of the war to take action. He did it to also escape the situation theyd been trapped in for several months. . 6. The field of study Bank Act of 1 865 established a system of national banks of which last dumbfounded the banking system we have today. It was important because it encouraged a national currency. 7. From the beginning, it was expected to be a short and low backing war. Walt that being said, the initial (first) war funded by borrowing but eventually realized that it was much more, so they created the Revenue Act of 1862 which increased taxes drastically including federal income taxes which infuriated supporters Of the war. 8. The government raised the majority of its money by Revenue tax stamps. . The majority of the Northern nation was not supportive at all riots occasionally occurred. They saw these natural laws to be an intrusion of secretiveness and a violation of ones sovereignty. 10. One could avoid by buying their way out of being drafted, or even substitute themselves with another member of their household. 11. Lincoln considered certain parts of the constitution to be inconvenient, in turn often ignoring those specific portions and did what he thought needed be done rather than consulting with congress as to what the constitution states and/or implies should be done. 12.The cessation democrats ere a group of people of which believed the North pushed the South to secession. They also believed Lincoln was a tyrant and that the war was a national tragedy. This group was present in the mid-west section of the US including Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. 13. A. ) He justified the suspension by claiming it was in respect of those arrested. B. ) Everyone justs were affected as it limited citizens to have an persuasion that wasnt supporting the government. 14. Chief judge Tangy issued this writ, or formal write order, requiring him to release an imprisoned Maryland secessionist leader. Lincoln swaggered this request. 5. The Confiscation Act say that all slaves that were used for insurrectionist purposes would be considered emancipated. The second Confiscation Act declared to free the slaves of the persons aiding and us porting the insurrection (regardless of if the slaves were doing so) and also authorized the president to employ African Americans, including freed slaves, as soldiers. As a moment, with the progression of the war, the North grew to be more accepting Of emancipation. By the end Of the Civil War, slavery had been abolished in two Union slave states and in three collabor ationist dates occupied by Union forces. 16.The Emancipation Proclamation was the war source act Pres. Lincoln issued on Jan. 1, 1863. This act declared forever free slaves in all surface areas of the Confederacy aside from those already under Union control (Tennessee, western Virginia, and southern Louisiana). It also did no apply to duck slave states. 17. Slaves were often taken from their designated plantations and transported to the front, escaping Northern lines, unable to be returned to their masters. whatever slaves joined the Union army, while others stayed with troops to flee to free states. Antislavery lust gained strength, regardless of the acts inability to affect certain areas. 8. About 1 86,000 emancipated African Americans served as soldiers, sailors, and laborers for the Union forces. It was only the first few months of the war that African Americans were widely excluded. They were treated very poorly. Many died from disease due to working in unsanitary conditio ns for arduous hours. Black soldiers were paid a third less in comparison to clean soldiers, as well. 19. Women were often put in nursing positions whether itd been by choice or necessity. They also worked as retail sales clerks, office workers, and mill & factory hands.Shallowness wives often became responsible for managing slave work forces the wives Of more modest farmers plowed field and harvested crops. These were all positions previously dominated by men. 20. Although there were several operative exceptions, the Federal government and the Confederate government were very equivalent (These exceptions included the acknowledgment of the sovereignty of the individual states, and the sanctioning of slavery of which made abolishment roughly impossible). 21 . The region focused so intensely on producing cotton and other export crops.The departure of so many white males severely diminished the regions ability to maintain food production. Copious amounts of doctors were conscripte d to serve the needs of the military, of which left many communities without any medical care. In effect, the South experienced shortages of everything. Because of this, along with inflation, there was a major instability in Southern society. Resistance to conscription, food impressments, and taxation increased passim the Confederacy, as well as hoarding and black-market monomer. 22. While raising their armies, many more white Southerners were exempted from military service than Northerners.Conscription was successful for a full point of time. Although, after 1862, conscription began to produce fewer men. In early 1864, the government experienced a shortage of man exponent. At this time, situations called for desperate measures the Confederate congress began drafting men as fresh as 1 7 and as old as 50. 23. The Norths economy was strengthened, thus increasing industry and railroad development. The Souths was weakened because of millions of Lars worth of property being destroyed and the regions young male population having depleted. 24.The production of weapons was more efficient due to technical advances. Weapons were also tougheneder and more powerful. 25. A. ) The first battle occurred on July 21, 1861. This battle nearly succeeded in dispersing the Confederate forces, but was unable due to the Southerners taking action in stopping a last steadfast Union assault and performing a savage counterattack. As a result, the Confederates retreated in an unrecognized manner. When disorganized, as the Union forces were by feat with a short of supplies and transportation, the Confederates did not pursue.Because of this battle, the Unions morale and the presidents confidence in his officers were destroyed. B. ) The battle of Animate began on September 17. Mescalines 87,000-man army attacked Lees force of 50,000. 6,000 soldiers died, and 1 7,000 sustained injuries. At the end of the day, as the Confederate line seemed ready to break, the last of Jacksons troops arr ived to repay it. McClellan then allowed Lee to retreat to Virginia. This battle only lasted one day. C. ) There were complications for the Union forces n the East, but important victories occurred in the West.Grant moved his his and supplies to an area south of the city. He then attacked Vicksburg from the rear. Vicksburg surrendered 6 weeks subsequently on July 4, due to the fact that residents were starving as a result of a protract siege. D. ) Lee attacked Meads army once they were perched on the hills south of the town. Lees forces Were outnumbered 75,000 to 90,000 and his assault On the Union forces on Cemetery Ridge failed. The next day he ordered a second, larger effort. 1 5,000 Confederates go nearly a mile while being swept by Union fire.ChapterFirst Pages editor of the Harvard phone line Review, noted that organizations moldiness also undergo significant efforts to protect their human capital. A tauten may diversify the ownership of vital knowledge by emphasizing squadwork, bear against obsolescence by developing learning programs, and shackle key people with well-off handcuffs. 23 In addition, people are less likely to leave an organization if there are effective structures to promote teamwork and information sharing, strong leadership that encourages innovation, and finishs that demand excellence and ethical behavior.Such issues are central to this chapter. Although we link up on these issues throughout this chapter, we provide more detail in later chapters. We discuss organizational controls (culture, rewards, and boundaries) in Chapter 9, organization structure and design in Chapter 10, and a variety of leadership and entrepreneurship topics In Chapters 11 and 12. human beings capital letter The Foundation of Intellectual metropolis Organizations must recruit talented people?employees at all levels with the proper sets of skills and capabilities coupled with the pay values and attitudes.Such skills and attitudes must be continua lly developed, strengthened, and reinforced, and each employee must be motivated and her efforts focused on the organizations goals and objectives. 24 The rise to prominence of knowledge workers as a vital source of competitive advantage is ever-changing the balance of power in todays organization. Knowledge workers place professional development and personal enrichment ( monetary and otherwise) to a higher place company loyalty. Attracting, recruiting, and hiring the best and the brightest, Is a critical first step in the process of building intellectual capital.How to Lure Gene Y subject areaers? Commonly. Com, lordly 17 NP Mantilla. 2007. How Going Green Draws Talent, Cut Costs. Wall course Journal, November 13 BIO and, ODell, A. M. 2007. Working for the Earth Green Companies and Green Jobs Attract Employees. Www. socialisation . Com, 4. 1 environmental responsibility when it recruits on campuses. It showcases the companys new corporate passportquarters, in Measuring, Ohio, that uses 28 percent to 39 percent less energy than a standard office building and is furnished with environmentally friendly materials.Says Nephew chief operating officer Mark Sunny, At the end of the day, we are competing with everyone else for the best talent, and this is a generation that is very concerned with the environment. To meet the growing demand for students interested in working for green companies, Nonstarters, a unit of the giant employment soused Monster. Com, launched Greengrocers. It was the first online recruitment service that focuses on green employment. Econometrical and the Environmental acknowledgment Fund, two environmental nonprofits, are adding their expertise in partnership with Nonstarters. Econometrical approached Nonstarters to create Greengrocers because there is an urgent need to reach and educate environmentally agnostic audiences, in this case college students, about the ways they can address climate change and other serious environmental prob lems, claims Mark Cockroach, vice president and general manager at Nonstarters. Environmental sustainability To illustrate such interdependence, poor hiring impedes the strong point of development and data processor memory processes. In a similar vein, ineffective retention efforts place additional burdens on hiring and development. take in the by-line anecdote, provided by Jeffrey Prefer of the Stanford University Business School Not long ago, I went to a large, fancy San Francisco law firm?where they treat their associates like dog do and where the turnover is very high. I asked the managing partner about the turnover rate. He said, A few years ago, it was 25 percent, and now were up to 30 percent. I asked him how the firm had responded to that trend. He said, We increased our recruiting. So I asked him, What kind of doctor would you be if your patient was bleeding faster and faster, and your only response was to increase the further of the transfusion? 29 Clearly, stepped-u p recruiting is a poor substitute for weak retention. Although there are no simple, easy-to-apply answers, we can learn from what leading-edge firms are doing to attract, develop, and retain human capital in todays highly competitive marketplace. 30 Before despicable on, Strategy Spotlight 4. 1 addresses the importance of firms green or environmental sustainability strategy in attracting young talent. run-down chic 118-155. Tend 124 Attracting gracious Capital All we can do is bet on the people we pick. So my whole Job is picking the right people.Jack Welch, former chairman, ordinary Electric Company 31 The first step in the process of building superior human capital is input control attracting and selecting the right person. Human resource professionals often approach employee selection from a put away and key mentality?that is, fit a key (a Job candidate) into a charter (the Job). Such an approach involves a thorough analysis of the errors and the Job. Only then can the righ t decision be made as to how well the two will fit together. How can you fail, the theory goes, if you get a precise match of knowledge, ability, and skill profiles?Frequently, however, the precise matching approach places its fierceness on task-specific skills (e. G. , motor skills, specific information processing capabilities, and communication skills) and puts less emphasis on the broad general knowledge and experience, social skills, values, beliefs, and attitudes of employees. Many have questioned the precise matching approach. They argue that firms can identify top performers by focusing on key employee mind-sets, attitudes, social skills, and general orientations. If they get these elements right, the task-specific skills can be learned quickly. This does not imply, however, that task-specific skills are unimportant rather, it suggests that the requisite skill sets must be viewed as a necessary but not sufficient condition. ) This leads us to a popular phrase today and serve s as the title of the next section. Hire for Attitude, Train for Skill Organizations are increasingly emphasizing general knowledge and experience, social skills, values, beliefs, and attitudes of employees. 32 Consider Southwest Airlines hiring practices, which focus on employee values and attitudes. Given its strong team orientation, Southwest uses an indirect approach.For example, the interviewing team asks a group of employees to prepare a five- minute presentation about themselves. During the presentations, interviewers observe which candidates enthusiastically support their peers and which candidates focus on polishing their own presentations while the others are presenting. 33 The boarder are, of course, favored. Alan Cooper, president of Cooper Software, Inc. , in Palo Alto, California, goes further. He cleverly uses technology to hone in on the problem- solving ability of his applicants and their attitudes before an interview even takes place.He has devised a Bozo Filter, a n online test that can be applied to any industry. Before you spend time on whether Job candidates will work out satisfactorily, find out how their minds work. Cooper advised, Hiring was a black see our test. Its a self-administering bozo filter. 34 How does it work? The online test asks questions designed to see how prospective employees approach provisioning tasks. For example, one key question asks software locomotive engineer applicants to design a table-creation software program for Microsoft Word. Candidates provide pencil sketches and a description of the new user interface.Another question used for design communicators asks them to develop a marketing strategy for a new touch- tone phone?directed at consumers in the year 1850. Candidates e-mail their answers back to the company, and the answers are circulated around the firm to solicit feedback. Only candidates with the highest marks get interviews. respectable Recruiting Approaches and Networking Companies that take hirin g seriously must also take recruiting seriously. The number of Jobs that successful knowledgeableness companies must fill is astonishing.Ironically, many companies still have no shortage of applicants. For example, Google, ranked fourth on Fortunes 2009 100 Best Companies to Work For, still attracts 777,000 applicants a year?even though hiring has slowed. 35 The gainsay becomes having the right Job candidates, not the greatest number of them. Resources 125 Deserted chic 118-155. And 125 11/11/09 PM GE medical Systems, which builds CT scanners and magnetic resonance imaging (MR.) systems, relies extensively on networking. They have found that current employees are the best source for new ones.Recently, Steven Potshot, head of staffing and leadership development, made a few simple changes to double the number of referrals. First, he simplified the process?no complex forms, no bureaucracy, and so on. Second, he increased incentives. Everyone referring a qualified candidate received a gift certificate from Sears. For referrals who were hired, the bounty increases to $2,000. Although this may sound like a gang of money, it is peanuts compared to the $1 5,000 to $20,000 fees that GE typically pays to headhunters for each person hired. 6 Also, when mortal refers a former colleague or friend for a Job, his or her credibility is on the line. Thus, employees will be careful in recommending people for employment unless they are reasonably confident that these people are good candidates. This provides a good screen for the firm in deciding whom to hire. Hiring the right people makes things a lot easier fewer rules and regulations, less need for supervise and hierarchy, and greater initialization f organizational norms and objectives. Consider some of the approaches that retire, people in this demographic group are becoming more and more important in todays workforce.We also provide some tips on how to get hired. We address these issues in Exhibit 4. 3. Developing Huma n Capital It is not enough to hire top-level talent and expect that the skills and capabilities of those employees remain current throughout the duration of their employment. Rather, schooling and development must take place at all levels of the organization. 37 For example, Selection assembles printed circuit boards and other components for TTS Silicon vale clients. 38 Its employees receive an average of 95 hours of company- provided training each year.Chairman Winston Chem. observed, technology changes so fast that we estimate 20 percent of an engineers knowledge becomes out of date each year. Training is an obligation we owe to our employees. If you want high yield and high quality, then training is a big part of the equation. Although the financial returns on training may be hard to calculate, most experts believe it is essential. One company that has calculated the benefit from training is Motorola. Every horse spent on training returns $30 in productivity gains over the following three years.In addition to training and developing human capital, firms must encourage widespread involvement, monitor and track employee development, and evaluate human capital. 39 Encouraging Widespread Involvement Developing human capital requires the progressive involvement of leaders at all levels. It wont be successful if it is viewed only as the responsibility of the human resources department. Each year at popular Electric, 200 facilitators, 30 officers, 30 human resource executives, and many young managers actively participate in Gees orientation program at Correlation, its training center outside New York City.ChapterA model Is an abstraction of a real system. True + False Question 2 2/ 2 points True or False? In a discrete-event simulation, an event is an interaction between objects in the system. Question 3 2/ 2 points True or False? Meteorologists often use multiple simulated models, which make different assumptions, to predict the weather. True* Question 4 2/ 2 points True or False? The most common application of computer graphics in modern operating systems is the graphical user interface. True+Question 5 2/ 2 points True or False? In computer graphics, knit cloth and woven cloth should move and drape In the same way. True False* Question 6 2/ 2 points Which of the following best describes a simulation in which the model is viewed at uniform time intervals? A) discrete-event b) concrete c) abstract e) ceaseless Question 7 2/ 2 points Which of the following best describes a model that represents a real environment, such as a trajectory simulator? A) time-driven b) discrete-event c) continuous d) concrete + e) abstractQuestion 8 2/ 2 points Which of the following best describes a simulation that expresses change in terms of a set of differential equations? A) concrete c) time-driven d) continuous + Question 9 2/ 2 points Which of the following describes the angle at which a human looks at a mirror? B) transposition transmitter c) nor mal vector d) reflection vector e) light vector Question 10 2/ 2 points Which of the following is NOT a game genre or a game submerge? A) strategy games b) life-simulation games c) role-playing games d) action games.ChapterVolcano erupting in Hawaii because shinny upset. Must make Peel happy to stop volcano. name calling in Sociology Berger seeing the general in the particular (making the familiar strange) Mills sociological Imagination comet (1837) Social physics / positivism Theological Metaphysical Human equality to what is passing play on in their life Scientific process to what is going on in their life All issues are happening because of a scientific process Harriet Martinets Female in a mans world Translated Comet into English Early womens rightist and very dominate Research methods Womens issues make disowned her early age of 21Karl Marx Materialism Class conflict Philosopher Bi-polar Wrote about economic institutions of capitalism Market will control itself Excessiv e focus on materialism how the focus of stuff effects the relationship managing works The tenderness of conflicts impacts institutions Max Weber 1 SST sociologist Suffered from severe depression How religion institution drive the economic structure Persistent research until you have realize what is going on Mile Druthers Statistics Social facts Number quat census data collector Positivistic sociology Suicide Anomie brilliance loss of normalNot dependable George Simmer Urban sociology Study of structures of groups in cities (Group dynamics) Names in Sociology in the US Robert Park Father of Sociology Started the 1st dept. Of sociology in emailprotected the Univac. Of Chicago Charles Cooley looking-glass self Your participation in groups is influenced on how people see you George Herbert Mead W. E. B.DUBIOUS 1st African American male to Received PhD from Harvard Expounded the NAACP Asked to teach sociology Atlanta University Developed the concept of double consciousness How pe ople react otherwise with different situation Jane Addams Hull House Social worked Nobel prize (1931) Theories Explain, Describe, shout out Life structurally runs on theories Functionalism what is the reason?Organism How the human dust works made up of systems Manifest / latent Manifest answer positive outcome Latent function positive or negative outcome Social consensus reasons Microbiology Looking for big picture Conflict Competing interest (limited goods), Societal driving force , Exists on all levels Initiates change male monarch Gender/age policy-making Economic Microbiology generally concerned with social dynamics at a higher level of analysis parliamentary law functions on conflict Conflict is mostly about limited goods subscribe to / Have Not Conflict theory views society from exactly the resistance of perspective Conflict is good for society cause it represents change There has and always will be conflict between workers & entrepreneurs (I. E. Why unions were created) Feminist Theory Conflict model where gender is concerned / policy-making reform Symbolic Interactions Interpretation of symbols Face to face interactions Creating reality Microbiology (Seeks to take in local international context) Max Weber Interpretive sociology Persistent impart Modernism Sometimes part of all of the higher up theories Fast changing interactions Subjective / objective Given the pace of the world today, it is all of the above theories, embrace all Midrange Theory Social institutions focus Booker T Washington W. E.B Dubious Civil Rights Institutions are a very strong influence on groups behavior Attempt to predict how certain social institutions tend to function Sociology Connect to History (events, social change) Anthropology (study of culture) Psychology (social psychology) Political science (power governmental institution) Example Explain Marriage with man duties vs.. manly duties Functionalism because that is how they were raised or taught C onflict males w/ more power Feminist more women working to gain more power Symbolic the two parties setting ground rules with each other regarding whom does what CHAPTER 2 How do sociologist due what they do?Majority & Minority in a group (in/out group) Social Networks relations held together by ties (stories), strength of ties, structural ole (kinship gap), lack of communication on each side of hole (Ebay) Social Capital pre-existing knowledge a person has that helps them enter network value you have that makes you socially interested to the group may be going down due to loose connections, less family togetherness, fewer group vacations, lessen civic engagement Network Analysis (social relationships) epidemiology, teenage sex networks (hook-up in tie, virginity pledges outside tie) organization legal, multiple secondary group, common purpose, boundaries between members (govern behaviors overpayment policy / group structure immigration (1921 / Hart-cellar Act, 1965) organi zational culture shared beliefs/behaviors organizational structure structure with power / authority distribution interlocking directorates mega corporations institutional isomorphism forced sameness of corporations in similar environments airline ticket prices Chapter 6 Social Deviance US incarceration rate . 75% (2. 3 million), 25% of world criminal Justice (formal aberrancy).Formal deviance is and expensive proposition because up keep and personal and a lot of time and energy. Social deviance transgression of social norms where, when, who (power) knowing there is a norm out there and you are willing fully violate it relative to where you did it, when you did it, and who saw you do it wanton no societal level consequence without serious repercussions but could be prolonged formal with serious repercussions most of your life is filled with informal deviance and informal social control Social control device bring back norm normative compliance best social control dev ice in society, by complying with all the norms both formal and informal Druthers (functionalism) social cohesion (bonds),ChapterChapterState diagram shows the states of the objects and how those states change. Sequence diagram only shows the message interactions among the objects. 4. Mention and describe three different views used in architectural design. Architectural design is a high level view of the system. It can be described with logical view represents the decomposition of a system and how those parts work with each other physical architectural view represents the mapping of the software to the hardware process view represents the run- time processes and flow of the system. 5.What is the difference between data modeling and logical data base design? In data modeling we are instructing and showing the Entity-Relationship among the objects. In logical data base design, the E-R diagram is converted to the sets of tables and relationships among the tables. 6. What is the diffe rence between low fidelity prototypes and high fidelity prototypes? Low fidelity prototypes are quick hand drawn screens using markers, post-it notes, post cards, and/or cut out images to represent the screens of the system. Simple mockup sketch of the purport product.High fidelity prototypes are screens created using a tool to design the screens. These screens look and mimic the behavior of the future screens of the system. An example of a tool is visual basic with the use of hide and show. Detailed mockup resembling and behaving close to the final product. 7. Discuss Figure 7. 26 with regard to the users interaction the screens interaction and the systems interaction (process). The user sees the Registration Screen for the Spring 2012, using the drop box All Courses they would select a course and click the button Add Course.The screen would show the representation seen at the top of Figure 7. 26 initially. This screen would react to the users usage of the drop box (showing a scro llable list of he available courses and showing the course selected). When the user has selected a course and clicked Add Course the screen would send the information to the registration and when the Registration returns success it would show the second screen in Figure 7. 26. The systems interaction shown in Figure 7. 26 begins with the Registrations object passing the registration information to the section object.This section object needs to check if the student has the prerequisites for the course. If the Boolean returned is True then the message Add(student) is sent to students object. Note another sequence diagram would represent Boolean = False. 8. Explain Adding a course from section 7. 3. 4. 1 using Normals 7 Stage Model. 1 Form a goal -? add Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the goal l need to add Engle 2011 to my schedule. 2 Form an intention find Engle 201 1 The user (student) forms the intention on the screen shown in 7. 26 to find Engle 201 1 in the drop box. Spec ify the action mouse can show courses in the drop box The user will decide to use the mouse to click and hold open the drop box and move the mouse down until he/she sees the Engle 2011 course. Execute the action The user moves the mouse to the arrow in the drop box and clicks when he/she is on the arrow of the drop box. 5 Perceive the system state (feedback) he/she sees the drop box open with multiple courses in a list. 6 Interpret the feedback he/she sees the Engle 201 1 7 Evaluate because the user sees the course they evaluate Success to their intention.Note They would continue with the next intention to click Add Course. 9. List the four components of the GYMS model for user interfaces. The 4 factors of GYMS model are Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection Rules 10. Explain how the Model-View-controller architectural style is done using HTML-Script-SQL. The Model-View-Controller (MFC) architectural style is done with HTML as the View of the system and SQL as a database. The database has the model of the system. PH is the script used as the controller for the system. Chapter 8 1 .Question What are the two general characteristics of a design that naturally carry over from requirements? Answer The design is an evolution from requirements. So the two general characteristics of a) consistency and b) completeness of requirements usually carry over to the design. 2. Question What is Menaces climatic complexity number a) attempting to measure, and b) what is the climatic complexity number of a program A that contains 3 binary predicates (or branches)? Answer a) Menaces climatic complexity number measures the control flow complexity of software. ) Using the simple formula of (if binary branches + 1), the climatic number of program A is (3+1 ) or 4. 3. Question What is a program slice? Answer A program slice is the set of statements that can affect the value of some specified variable of interest in the program. 4. Question What are glue tokens and super glu e tokens, and which type nutrients more to cohesion? Answer Glue tokens are data tokens that lie in more than one data-slice, and super glue tokens are data tokens that lie in every data-slice. The super glue tokens contribute more to cohesion because they lie in every data slice. 5. Question What is software cohesion?Answer Cohesion is a characteristic that describes the degree of relatedness within the software. 6. Question What are the levels of cohesion? Answer There are 7 levels of cohesion listed in the order of worst to best coincidental, logical, temporal, procedural, communicational, sequential, and national. 7. Question What is software coupling? Answer Coupling is a characteristic that describes the degree of interdependence or interaction among the parts within the software. 8. Question What are the levels of coupling? Answer There are 5 levels of coupling listed in the order of worst to best content, common, control, stamp, and data. . Question What are the six design m easurements of C-K metrics in 00? Answer They are a) weighted number of methods per class, b) depth of inheritance tree of the class, c) number of children of a class, d) coupling between objects, e) number of espouses to a class message, and f) lack of cohesion among methods in a class 10. Question In contrast to general design, what is user interface design interested in? Answer The general software design is concerned about the software components, their characteristics and their interactions.User interface design is focused on the interaction between the software and its human users thus both software and human attributes are of concern in user interface design. 1 1 . Question List four out of the eight rules of user interface design identified by Seminarian and Pleasant. Answer There are actually 8 a) consistency, b) roved short cuts, c) informative feedback, d) closure in dialogues, e) simple error handling and prevention, f) permit re-do, g) support locus of control, h) reduc e the amount of short-term memory needs. Any four of the eight would be fine. 12.Question What are the general cohesion and coupling goals when designing software? Answer We strive for lesser or looser coupling of software, and we design for stringer or tighter cohesion. 13. Question What is the Law of Demeter attempting to achieve? Answer Law of Demeter is a set of guiding rules that limits the span of control of an object y restricting the messaging structure among methods of a class. Through these restrictions it is conjectured that we can reduce coupling and enhance cohesion. 14. Question What is fan-in and fan-out, and what attribute do they measure?Answer Fan-in is a measure of number of information flow into a module or component. Fan-out is the number of information flow out of a module. An example of fan-in for module-x would be the number of modules that call module-x and for fan-out of module-x would be the number of modules that are called by module-x. Thus fan-in and fa n-out measure the coupling attribute among modules. Chapter 9 1. Question is the act of transforming the detailed design into a valid program in some programming language. Answer Implementation. 2. Question List 3 desirable characteristics of a good implementation.Answer Readability maintainability performance traceability correctness completeness. 3. Question True or False? The most important issues for maintaining a good coding style are to be consistent and to try to highlight the meaning of your code. Answer True. 4. Question You should choose longer names for local variables or entities, but can use shorter ones for global variables or entities. Answer False. 5. Question List 3 of the types of code comments described in the book. Answer Repeat of the code explanation of the code marker in the code summary of the code description of the code intent external references.